Xalatamax eye drops 0.005%, 2.5 ml

Reduction of increased intraocular pressure (IOP) in adults and children (over the age of 1 year) with open-angle glaucoma or increased ophthalmotonus

Locally. 1 drop into the affected eye 1 time / day, preferably in the evening.

Eye drops

1 ml

active substance:

latanoprost 0.05 mg

excipients: benzalkonium chloride - 0.2 mg; sodium dihydrogen phosphate monohydrate - 4.6 mg; sodium hydrogen phosphate - 4.74 mg; sodium chloride - 4.1 mg; purified water - 996.31 mg

• Individual hypersensitivity to latanoprost, benzalkonium chloride or other components of the drug;

• age up to 18 years.

With caution: in patients with aphakia, pseudoaphakia, damage to the posterior lens capsule and other risk factors for the development of macular edema (when treating with latanoprost, cases of macular edema, including cystoid edema, have been described), inflammatory, congenital glaucoma due to lack of sufficient experience of use drug.

Pharmacodynamics:

Latanoprost is analogous to PG F2? and a selective FP receptor agonist. Reduces intraocular pressure by increasing the outflow of aqueous humor and has an anti-glaucoma effect. The main mechanism of action of latanoprost is associated with an increase in uveoscleral outflow. It has no significant effect on the production of aqueous humor and does not affect the blood-ophthalmic barrier. A decrease in intraocular pressure begins 3-4 hours after drug administration, the maximum effect is observed after 8-12 hours, the duration of action is at least 24 hours.

Pharmacokinetics:

It penetrates well through the cornea, while latanoprost is hydrolyzed to a biologically active form - latanoprost acid. Cmax of latanoprost in aqueous humor is achieved approximately 2 hours after topical application of the drug. In the tissues of the eye, latanoprost acid is practically not metabolized; metabolism occurs mainly in the liver. T1 / 2 is 17 minutes. The main metabolites - 1,2-dinor- and 1,2,3,4-tetranor-metabolites - do not have or have weak biological activity, they are excreted by the kidneys.

Overdose:

In case of an overdose, symptomatic treatment is performed. In addition to irritation of the mucous membrane of the eyes, hyperemia of the conjunctiva or episclera, other undesirable changes on the part of the organ of vision in case of an overdose of latanoprost are not known.

Influence on the ability to drive vehicles and mechanisms:

As with other ophthalmic drugs, temporary visual impairment is possible; until it is restored, it is not recommended to drive vehicles or work with mechanisms.

Interaction with other medicinal products:

With the simultaneous instillation of two prostaglandin analogues into the eyes, a paradoxical increase in IOP has been described, therefore the simultaneous use of two or more prostaglandins, their analogues or derivatives is not recommended. Pharmaceutically incompatible with eye drops containing thiomersal - precipitation.

Special instructions:

Latanoprost can gradually change eye color by increasing the amount of brown pigment in the iris. Before starting treatment, patients should be informed of a possible irreversible change in eye color. The use of the drug in one eye can cause irreversible heterochromia. The change in eye color is due to an increase in the content of melanin in the stromal melanocytes of the iris, and not an increase in the number of melanocytes themselves. Typically, brown pigmentation appears around the pupil and spreads concentrically to the periphery of the iris. In this case, the entire iris or its parts acquire a brown color. No further pigmentation was observed after discontinuation of therapy. According to the available clinical data, the color change was not associated with any symptoms or pathological abnormalities.The drug has no effect on nevi and iris lentigo. There is no information on the use of latanoprost in the treatment of secondary glaucoma due to inflammatory eye diseases and neovascular glaucoma. Latanoprost has no effect on pupil size. Due to the lack of experience in the use of latanoprost in the treatment of an acute attack of angle-closure glaucoma, the drug should be used with caution in such patients. Due to the fact that information on the use of latanoprost in the postoperative period of cataract extraction is limited, care should be taken when using the drug in this category of patients. Caution should be exercised when using latanoprost in patients with a history of herpetic keratitis. With acute herpetic keratitis,and if there is a history of chronic recurrent herpetic keratitis, latanoprost should be avoided. Caution should be exercised when using latanoprost in patients with aphakia, pseudoaphakia with rupture of the posterior capsule or anterior chamber intraocular lenses, as well as in patients with known risk factors for cystic macular edema. Caution should be exercised when using latanoprost in patients with aphakia, pseudoaphakia with rupture of the posterior capsule or anterior chamber intraocular lenses, as well as in patients with known risk factors for cystic macular edema. Caution should be exercised when using latanoprost in patients with risk factors for iritis / uveitis. The experience of using latanoprost in patients with bronchial asthma is limited,but in some cases in the post-registration period there was an exacerbation of asthma and / or the appearance of shortness of breath. There were cases of darkening of the skin of the periorbital region, which in a number of patients were reversible with continued therapy with latanoprost. Latanoprost can cause gradual changes in eyelashes and vellus hair, such as lengthening, thickening, increased pigmentation, increased density and a change in the direction of eyelash growth. Latanoprost contains benzalkonium chloride, which is often used as a preservative in ophthalmic medicines. Benzalkonium chloride can cause eye irritation, punctate keratopathy and / or toxic ulcerative keratopathy, and can be absorbed and discolored by soft contact lenses.There were cases of darkening of the skin of the periorbital region, which in a number of patients were reversible with continued therapy with latanoprost. Latanoprost can cause gradual changes in eyelashes and vellus hair, such as lengthening, thickening, increased pigmentation, increased density and a change in the direction of eyelash growth. Latanoprost contains benzalkonium chloride, which is often used as a preservative in ophthalmic medicines. Benzalkonium chloride can cause eye irritation, punctate keratopathy and / or toxic ulcerative keratopathy, and can be absorbed and discolored by soft contact lenses.There were cases of darkening of the skin of the periorbital region, which in a number of patients were reversible with continued therapy with latanoprost. Latanoprost can cause gradual changes in eyelashes and vellus hair, such as lengthening, thickening, increased pigmentation, increased density and a change in the direction of eyelash growth. Latanoprost contains benzalkonium chloride, which is often used as a preservative in ophthalmic medicines. Benzalkonium chloride can cause eye irritation, punctate keratopathy and / or toxic ulcerative keratopathy, and can be absorbed and discolored by soft contact lenses.thickening, increased pigmentation, increased density and a change in the direction of eyelash growth. Latanoprost contains benzalkonium chloride, which is often used as a preservative in ophthalmic medicines. Benzalkonium chloride can cause eye irritation, punctate keratopathy and / or toxic ulcerative keratopathy, and can be absorbed and discolored by soft contact lenses.thickening, increased pigmentation, increased density and a change in the direction of eyelash growth. Latanoprost contains benzalkonium chloride, which is often used as a preservative in ophthalmic medicines. Benzalkonium chloride can cause eye irritation, punctate keratopathy and / or toxic ulcerative keratopathy, and can be absorbed and discolored by soft contact lenses.

Application for pregnancy and children:

Use during pregnancy is contraindicated. If it is necessary to use the drug, breastfeeding should be discontinued. No effect of latanoprost on male and female fertility has been found in animal studies.

Side effects:

On the part of the organ of vision. Very often: hyperpigmentation of the iris, conjunctival hyperemia, irritation of the eyes from mild to moderate severity (burning sensation, feeling of sand in the eyes, itching, tingling and sensation of a foreign body), changes in eyelashes (increase in length, thickness, quantity and pigmentation). Often: transient punctate erosion of the epithelium (mostly asymptomatic), blepharitis, eye pain. In children, nasopharyngitis and fever were most common.