Benzylpenicillin sodium salt 1 mln. U

DESCRIPTION

Benzylpenicillin sodium salt is an antibacterial drug for animals. It is a white, fine-crystalline powder of bitter taste, slightly hygroscopic. It is easily destroyed by acids, alkalis, alcohols, oxidants, sunlight, gastric juice, when heated in aqueous solutions, also when exposed to penicillinase. Easily soluble in alcohol, water and saline.

COMPOSITION

The drug is obtained by biosynthesis from the waste product of the mold fungus - Penicillium chrysogenum.

PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES

The antibacterial action of penicillin is based on the inhibition of the synthesis of the mucopeptide polymer, which is part of the cell wall of microbes. Penicillin sharply disrupts the metabolic processes of microorganisms sensitive to it. Depending on the concentration in the blood, its action is bacteriostatic or bactericidal, bactericidal concentrations are usually 2 to 4 times higher than bacteriostatic. Penicillin has a high antibiotic activity mainly against gram-positive microorganisms (streptococci, pneumococci, staphylococci, diphtheria and anthrax bacilli, clostridia), gram-negative cocci (gonococci, meningococci), spirochete (treponemes) and Actinomycetes (some pathogens) less sensitive fungus ... Penicillin-resistant, usually are gram-negative microbes (Klebsiella, Brucella), rickettsia, viruses, protozoa and almost all fungi. Staphylococcus strains that form the enzyme penicillinase are resistant to the action of benzylpenicillin. The low activity of benzylpenicillin against bacteria of the intestinal group, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other microorganisms is also associated with their production of penicillinase. Penicillin is readily absorbed and absorbed into most tissues and body fluids.

When administered parenterally, it is rapidly absorbed into the blood and other tissues, poorly penetrates through the synovial membranes and the blood-brain barrier. After the intramuscular injection of benzylpenicillin sodium salt, its concentration in the blood reaches a maximum within 30 minutes. 6 - 8 hours after a single injection into the muscle, only traces of the antibiotic are found in the body, and the administration should be repeated to maintain the concentration at a sufficiently high therapeutic level. When administered intravenously, the concentration of penicillin in the blood decreases rapidly. After absorption into the blood, penicillin is distributed unevenly in the body, although it penetrates almost all tissues, with the exception of the nervous and bone marrow. The antibiotic penetrates relatively weakly into various body cavities, with the exception of the peritoneal cavity. Into the pleural cavity pericardium and bursae, penicillin penetrates slowly and in small quantities, easily penetrates the placenta. Unlike sulfonamides, penicillin penetrates into fibrous tissues, providing a good therapeutic effect in pathological processes accompanied by inflammation and tissue necrosis. The effectiveness of penicillin in the inflammatory focus depends on the degree of vascularization. Diffusion of penicillin into purulent effusion with abscesses and empyema is negligible. The liver and kidneys concentrate penicillin in bile and urine. 90% of the dose administered parenterally is excreted in the urine. Insignificant amounts are excreted with saliva, sweat, milk, bile. Usually, with parenteral administration, the release of penicillin begins 10 to 20 minutes after administration; after 8 hours, up to 90% of the drug is excreted from the body.

INDICATIONS

It is prescribed for diseases caused by microorganisms susceptible to benzylpenicillin, including anthrax, necrobacteriosis, pasteurellosis, pneumonia, mastitis, endometritis, wound infections, otitis media, septicemia, phlegmon, urinary tract infections, actinomycosis, porcine, emycosis spirochetosis of birds, as well as in viral diseases in case of complications by a bacterial infection.

APPLICATION

Benzylpenicillin sodium salt is mainly administered intramuscularly. A solution of penicillin salt is prepared in water for injection immediately before administration, without heating, observing the rules of asepsis, usually at the rate of 100,000 U per 1 ml. Prepared injection solutions should be used immediately; it is allowed to store them for no more than 1 - 2 days in a dark place at room temperature and subject to complete asepsis. Often, to prolong the effect of benzylpenicillin, a 0.5% solution of novocaine is used as a solvent, which is administered intramuscularly every 6 hours, but not less than 3 times a day. Due to the fact that novocaine promotes allergy, it should be avoided in some cases.

To maintain the required constant high concentration in the blood, penicillin is injected intramuscularly 4-6 times a day in the following doses:

Animal species Single dose (thousand units)

adults young

Cattle 3 five

Horses 2 3

Small cattle 4 ten

Pigs 6 8

Furry animals, dogs ten 20

The course of treatment is at least 4 - 7 days, in severe forms of the disease 7 - 10 days or more. A solution of benzylpenicillin sodium salt can be administered intravenously (in severe septic conditions). With this method, the dose of the antibiotic is 2 times less than the recommended dose for intramuscular administration. Also used subcutaneously and in the form of powders on the wound surfaces. You can use aerosol if necessary.

Treatment with benzylpenicillin, as a rule, begins with the appointment of the first dose, a larger one, in order to create an effective concentration in the body, the level of which is maintained by subsequent administration of lower doses. In order to avoid the development of resistance of microorganisms to penicillin, effective doses should be used from the very beginning of treatment. It should also be borne in mind that early discontinuation of treatment also leads to the emergence of resistant strains of pathogens.

Benzylpenicillin can be used in combination with streptomycin, sulfa drugs, specific sera and globulins. Complex therapy enhances the effectiveness of drugs and prevents the development of resistant forms of bacteria, however, it can increase the possibility of side complications.

SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS

If resistance of pathogens to benzylpenicillin is found, it should be replaced with another antibiotic. Slaughter of animals for meat, which was used benzylpenicillin sodium salt, is allowed 3 days after the last injection of the drug. The meat of animals that were forcedly killed before the expiration of the specified period can be used for the production of meat and bone meal. Milk obtained during the treatment period must not be used for food purposes within 24 hours after stopping the drug administration. Such milk can be used to feed animals.

CONTRAINDICATIONS

Hypersensitivity to penicillins.

SIDE EFFECTS

With the intramuscular injection of the drug, rapidly developing allergic reactions (up to anaphylactic shock) sometimes occur, which can pose a threat to the life of the animal. In this case, the animals are injected in the usually used doses of one of the agents: norepinephrine or epinephrine subcutaneously, intramuscularly or intravenously, if necessary intracardially; 10% solution of calcium chloride intravenously; diphenhydramine intramuscularly or intravenously and other antihistamines, corticosteroids.

STORAGE

Store with caution in a dry, dark place, out of reach of children and animals, at a temperature of 5 В° C to 25 В° C. The shelf life is 3 years.

PACKING

The drug is produced packaged in 1,000,000 units. active substance in glass bottles.

Specifications

Bonus points

0

KolVUP

60

Manufacturer

AgroFarm

Teaser

for the treatment of animals with diseases of bacterial etiology